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AI Security

Technology Fundamentals

AI Security

1 min readPublished 22 Jul 2026

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As organisations adopt AI, AI security has emerged as a critical new domain — covering both securing AI systems and the way AI changes attack and defence.

Interactive explainer

AI Security

Securing AI — and defending against AI-powered attacks.

1New AI threats2AI in attacks3AI in defence4AI governance

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New AI threats

OWASP LLM Top 10.

AI systems face new risks: prompt injection (manipulating inputs), data poisoning (corrupting training data), model theft and sensitive-data leakage. OWASP's LLM Top 10 is the reference.

Check your understanding

1. What is prompt injection?

2. What reference lists AI/LLM risks?

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AI SecurityGovernance & Compliance CompTIA SecurityX / CASP+
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The three angles

  • Securing AI systems — new risks like prompt injection, data poisoning, model theft and sensitive-data leakage. The OWASP Top 10 for LLMs is the go-to reference.
  • AI in attacks — attackers use AI for convincing phishing, deepfakes and faster exploit development.
  • AI in defence — defenders use AI/ML for anomaly detection, alert triage and threat hunting at scale.

Plus AI governance — using AI responsibly, protecting training data privacy, and complying with emerging AI regulation (see Governance & Compliance). A fast-emerging, future-proof specialism.

Interview Intelligence

How this topic actually shows up in interviews — and how to demonstrate you understand it.

Why employers ask about this

AI security is the newest high-growth domain; early expertise is highly differentiating.

Technical questions
What are the main security risks of AI/LLM systems?+

Prompt injection, data poisoning, model theft and sensitive-data leakage — see the OWASP LLM Top 10.

Behavioural questions
Tell me about staying ahead of an emerging trend.+

Show curiosity and proactively learning a new, fast-moving area.

Real-world scenarios
“Your company is deploying an LLM-powered chatbot.”+

Expected answer: Threat-model it against the OWASP LLM Top 10 — prompt injection, data leakage — and add input/output controls and monitoring.

Practise in AI Interview™Rehearse these questions, scored.Plan with Career Coach™A personalised path to your goal.Evidence it in Career Passport™Prove this skill to employers.

Employability Intelligence

Where this knowledge takes you — the jobs, skills and certifications it feeds into.

Relevant roles
AI Security EngineerSecurity EngineerML Security Specialist
Skills you're proving
AI securityOWASP LLM Top 10AI governance
Recommended certifications
CompTIA SecurityX / CASP+AI security certifications (emerging)
Career progression

Cyber Fundamentals → AI Security specialism.

What employers expect

That you understand core security principles and can apply them to real risks, controls and incidents.

Frequently asked questions

What is prompt injection?

An attack that manipulates an AI model's inputs to make it ignore instructions or reveal/execute unintended actions.

What is data poisoning?

Corrupting an AI model's training data to degrade it or introduce hidden malicious behaviour.

How is AI used in cyber defence?

For anomaly detection, alert triage and threat hunting at a scale humans can't match.

Related guides

Cyber Security Fundamentals: Principles, Threats, Defence & OperationsSecurity Principles: CIA, Defence in Depth & Zero TrustRisk Management & GovernanceThreat Actors & Threat Intelligence

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